Stormwater runoff is a significant source of suspended solids, nutrients, organic matter, and trace metals in receiving waters. Total suspended solids (TSS), often comprising fine clay particles, contribute to turbidity and facilitate pollutant transport. Filters produced from recycled construction and demolition waste (CDW) have emerged as sustainable alternatives to conventional sand filters.

This study presents a series of laboratory column experiments designed to evaluate the filtration performance of CDW-based packed bed filters treating synthetic stormwater containing fine clay as a model TSS fraction. The temporal removal efficiency of suspended particles was quantified through turbidity and TSS measurements. Furthermore, the attenuation of dissolved contaminants, including chloride, organic nitrogen, nitrite/nitrate, total organic carbon (TOC), phosphate (PO₄³⁻–P), and trace metals (Zn, Cu), as well as filter clogging and flowrate reduction in long-run experiments, was systematically assessed.

Filtration behavior was assessed under rigorously controlled hydraulic conditions with continuous monitoring of pH, temperature, and pressure. Preliminary findings demonstrate that CDW filter media effectively retain fine particulate matter and facilitate the removal of nutrients and trace metals. These results substantiate the ...