The control of particulate matter emissions in the steel industry is critical to ensuring compliance with environmental regulations and mitigating health risks. This study investigates the efficiency and durability of meta-aramid filter bags, comparing media produced by needle punching and hydroentanglement, in both virgin condition and after laboratory aging. The objective is to diagnose operational failures and analyze the energy consumption associated with the filtration process.

The methodology included the physicochemical characterization of particulate matter generated during the desulfurization process, as well as the structural analysis of the filter media (basis weight, thickness, air permeability, and fiber diameter). Samples were collected along the length of the filter bags in order to assess fiber heterogeneity. Filtration performance was evaluated through tests conducted in accordance with VDI 3926, covering the operating stages of new filter operation, artificial aging, stabilization, and aged filter operation, with continuous monitoring of pressure drop and collection efficiency. Preliminary scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated that the desulfurization particulate matter consists of ...